About Iguazu Waterfalls

The Iguazu Waterfalls are a major waterfall system located in Misiones Province, Argentina, near the border with Brazil and Paraguay. They are situated within Iguazu National Park, approximately 18 kilometers from the city of Puerto Iguazu. The falls are one of the world's largest and most spectacular waterfall systems, renowned for their immense power and scenic beauty. They are a significant natural landmark and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, attracting visitors from across the globe.

Basic information

The Iguazu Waterfalls were formed from a volcanic eruption approximately 132 million years ago. The system consists of 275 individual drops along a 2.7-kilometer front, with heights varying between 60 and 82 meters. The most famous drop is the U-shaped chasm known as Devil's Throat. The falls and the surrounding subtropical rainforest are protected within Iguazu National Park, which was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. The primary purpose of the site is conservation and regulated tourism.

Location

The nearest major city and primary access point is Puerto Iguazu, Argentina, which has an airport with domestic flights and bus connections to other Argentine cities. From the city, the falls are reached via a short drive on National Route 101. The park features an extensive and well-maintained system of walkways and trails, including the Green Train that transports visitors to different circuit starting points. Viewing platforms, an information center, and other tourist facilities are available. Access can be limited during periods of extremely high water, and some trails may be closed for safety.

Nature

The climate is humid subtropical, with high temperatures and abundant rainfall contributing to the lush vegetation. The landscape is dominated by the Parana Plateau and the Iguazu River. The surrounding area is a preserved expanse of subtropical rainforest, home to diverse wildlife including coatis, tapirs, howler monkeys, ocelots, jaguars, and a vast array of bird and insect species. The primary natural formation is the series of cataracts themselves, created by water flowing over the edge of the basalt plateau. Human influence is managed and limited to designated tourist pathways and infrastructure to ensure minimal impact on the natural environment.

Story

The name Iguazu comes from the Guarani words "y" meaning water and "ûasú" meaning big. The falls were known to the indigenous Guarani people for centuries. The first European to document the falls was the Spanish conquistador Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca in 1541. For much of history, the area remained remote and inaccessible. Significant development for tourism began in the early 20th century. The area was declared a national park in 1934 to protect it from exploitation, and its international fame grew steadily throughout the 20th century following its UNESCO designation.

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